Objective To study role of dental follicle in tooth root development. Methods Sixteen mandibular first molar dental germs from eight five-day postnatal Balb/c mice were divided into two groups randomly. Dental follicle of germs in one group was undetached and that of another group was removed. Subsequently, each of the germs was separately transplanted to back-muscles of adult nude mice. At seventh and fourteenth day after transplanting, the germs were collected, fixed, demineralized, dehydrated, and embedded in wax in sequence. Serial sections of 5 μm thick were made following the routine methods, stained with haematoxylin-eosin dying solution, and observed under a light microscope. Results All implantations were located in the back-muscles with abundant capillary vasculature. Under microscope, although all tooth germs could further develop after grafting, tooth germs without dental follicle developed slowly with small size and low calcification compared to those with dental follicle. Although position of Hertwig′s epithelial root sheath of all germs seemed no changing, roots of the group with dental follicle could further develop and the roots develop toward the apical direction; this tendency couldn′t be seen in the germs of another group. Inflammatory cells could be seen in and out of the pulp cavity of the two groups at 7th day after grafting, while no obvious inflammatory cell was observed at 14th day after grafting. Conclusion Dental follicle play an important role in tooth root development. It probably can lead tooth root to develop in normal direction.
