2015—2020年河南省儿童第一恒磨牙健康状况调查

Health status of children’s first permanent molars in Henan province from 2015 to 2020

作者：李凤娟, 王丽茹, 许凤鸣, 王旭, 刘晶晶, 王延鑫, 张书芳

Author：Li Fengjuan, Wang Liru, Xu Fengming, Wang Xu, Liu Jingjing, Wang Yanxin, Zhang Shufang.

收稿日期：2022-04-24 年卷（期）页码：2022,40(5):560-560-565

期刊名称：华西口腔医学杂志

Journal Name：West China Journal of Stomatology

关键字：第一恒磨牙,萌出,患龋,窝沟封闭,

Key words：first permanent molars,eruption,risk of caries,pit and fissure sealing,

基金项目：河南省医学科技攻关计划（联合共建）项目(LHGJ20-190703);河南省科技攻关项目(222102310472)

中文摘要

目的了解河南省6~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙萌出、患龋及窝沟封闭等情况。方法对中国儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目信息管理系统中2015—2020年河南省口腔健康检查数据进行分析。结果河南486 865名儿童中，6~9岁儿童4颗第一恒磨牙均完全萌出率为73.44%，患龋率30.35%，龋均（0.67±1.18）颗，龋补充填比4.45%，窝沟封闭率2.36%。2015—2020年，6、7、8岁儿童4颗第一恒磨牙均完全萌出率都呈下降趋势（χ2趋分别为385.793、964.142、71.964，P<0.05），而6~9岁儿童患龋率、龋均、龋补充填比及窝沟封闭率均呈上升趋势（χ2趋/F趋分别为1 115.87、1 270.53、1 215.02、763.48，均P<0.05）。4颗第一恒磨牙均完全萌出率郊县（75.41%）高于城市（71.90%）（χ2=756.44，P<0.05），而患龋率、龋均、龋补充填比及窝沟封闭率城市（34.23%、0.76±1.24、4.99%、3.75%）均高于郊县（25.39%、0.55±1.09、3.50%、0.58%）（χ2分别为4 435.30、3 922.56、390.89、5 262.76，均P<0.05）。上颌第一恒磨牙完全萌出率（84.96%）高于下颌（82.88%）（χ2=1 565.70，P<0.05），龋齿发生率下颌（26.07%）高于上颌（13.88%）（χ2=38 112.53，P<0.05）。结论河南省6~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙健康状况不容乐观，萌出率呈下降趋势，患龋率呈上升趋势，龋补充填率以及窝沟封闭率均较低。这提示人们应关注儿童的饮食习惯和口腔卫生，进一步加强口腔健康教育，提高其口腔保健意识。

英文摘要

ObjectiveTo investigate the eruption, caries, and pit and fissure sealing of the first permanent molars in children aged 6-9 years in Henan province.MethodsThe data of oral health examination in Henan province from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed in the information management system of China Children Oral Disease Comprehensive Intervention Project.ResultsAmong 486 865 children in Henan province, the total eruption rate of the four first permanent molars was 73.44%, The prevalence rate of dental caries was 30.35%, DMFT was 0.67±1.18, the ratio of caries fil-ling was 4.45%, and the rate of pit and fissure sealing was 2.36%. From 2015 to 2020, the total eruption rates of the four first permanent molars in children aged 6, 7, and 8 showed a decreasing trend (χ²_trendwas 385.793, 964.142, and 71.964, respectively, allP<0 .05). the prevalence rates of dental caries, dmft caries filling ratio, and pit and fissure sealing rate in children aged 6-9 increased (χ²_trend/F_trendwas 1 115.87, 1 270.53, 1 215.02, 763.48, respectively, allP<0 .05). the total eruption rates of the four first permanent molars in suburban counties (75.41%) were higher than those in urban areas (71.90%) (χ²=756.44,P<0 .05). the prevalence rates of dental caries, dmft, filling ratio, and pit and fissure sealing rate in urban areas (34.23%, 0.76±1.24, 4.99%, and 3.75%, respectively) were higher than those in suburban areas (25.39%, 0.55±1.09, 3.50%, and 0.58%, respectively) (χ²was 4 435.30, 3 922.56, 390.89, and 5 262.76, respectively,P<0 .05). the first permanent molar eruption completely rate maxillary (84.96%) was higher than mandible (82.88%) (χ²=1 565.70,P<0 .05), and the dental caries risk of the mandible (26.07%) was higher than that of the upper (13.88%) (χ²=38 112.53,P<0 .05).ConclusionThe health status of the first permanent molars of children aged 6-9 years in Henan province is not optimistic. The eruption rate decreased, the incidence of caries increased, and the rates of caries filling and pit and fissure sealing were low. We should pay attention to children’s eating habits and oral health, strengthen oral health education, and improve oral health awareness.

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论文摘要

2015—2020年河南省儿童第一恒磨牙健康状况调查

Health status of children’s first permanent molars in Henan province from 2015 to 2020