多层级口腔医疗机构管理者艾滋病职业防护认知的质性研究
Qualitative study on the cognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome occupational protection among the managers of multi-level stomatology medical institutions
作者：石永乐, 赵晓曦, 刘帆
Author：Shi Yongle, Zhao Xiaoxi, Liu Fan
收稿日期：2019-09-29 年卷（期）页码：2020,38(4):410-410-414
期刊名称：华西口腔医学杂志
Journal Name：West China Journal of Stomatology
关键字：口腔医疗机构,艾滋病,职业防护,质性研究,
Key words：stomatology medical institution,acquired immune deficiency syndrome,occupational protection,qualitative study,
基金项目：四川省卫生计生委科研课题重大项目(2018)
中文摘要
目的 了解多层级口腔医疗机构管理者艾滋病职业防护认知现状,以期为制定适用于各口腔医疗机构的艾滋病职业防护技术标准提供参考依据。方法 采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对18名口腔医疗机构管理者就艾滋病职业防护相关问题进行半结构式、个体化深入访谈,并采用Nvivo 12.0软件对访谈资料进行编码、分析,提炼出主题。结果 共提炼出3个主题：各口腔医疗机构艾滋病职业防护措施主要从规范操作、标准预防及暴露后处理三方面进行,但防护措施落实不到位;各口腔医疗机构均会定期进行艾滋病职业防护培训,但未追踪培训效果;口腔医疗机构艾滋病职业防护管理中存在较多局限,主要包括缺乏特异性口腔艾滋病职业防护制度、口腔门诊患者艾滋病筛查难度高、艾滋病职业防护监管难度高。结论 口腔医疗机构应加强艾滋病职业防护培训及防护效果监督,制定统一的艾滋病职业防护标准,从而降低艾滋病职业暴露的发生,提高医院感染管理的质量及效率。
英文摘要
ObjectiveTo understand the current cognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occupational protection among the managers of multi-level stomatology medical institutions in efforts to provide a reference for formulating technical standards for occupational protection.MethodsEighteen managers of oral medical institutions were individually interviewed in-depth using asemi-structured questionnaire on issues related to AIDS occupational protection using the phenomenological research method. Nvivo 12.0 software was used to code and analyze the interview data, and relevant themes were extracted.ResultsThree themes were extracted from the data. Occupational protection measures for AIDS in dental medical institutions mainly based on the aspects of standardized operation, standardized prevention, and post-exposure treatment. However, the implementation of these protective measures was often inadequate. Occupational protection training for AIDS was carried out regularly at dental medical institutions, but the training effect was not generally tracked. Several limitations in AIDS occupational protection management; these limitations included the lack of a specific occupational protection system, the difficulty of AIDS screening for outpatients, and the difficulty of AIDS occupational protection supervision.ConclusionOral medical institutions should strengthen their occupational protection training and supervision approaches and formulate unified occupational protection standards to reduce occupational exposure and improve hospital management quality and efficiency.
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