高性能低造价隔震支座力学性能简化计算方法
A Simplified Method for Computing Mechanical Properties of High-performance Low-cost Seismic Isolators
作者：谭平(广州大学 工程抗震研究中心, 广东 广州 510405;广东省地震工程与应用技术重点实验室, 广东 广州 510405)；刘晗(广东省地震工程与应用技术重点实验室, 广东 广州 510405;武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院, 湖北 武汉 430072)；张亚飞(广州大学 工程抗震研究中心, 广东 广州 510405;广东省地震工程与应用技术重点实验室, 广东 广州 510405)；周福霖(广州大学 工程抗震研究中心, 广东 广州 510405;广东省地震工程与应用技术重点实验室, 广东 广州 510405;武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院, 湖北 武汉 430072)
Author：TAN Ping(Earthquake Eng. Research & Test Center, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou 510405, China;Key Lab. of Earthquake Eng. and Applied Technique of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510405, China)；LIU Han(Key Lab. of Earthquake Eng. and Applied Technique of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510405, China;School of Civil Eng., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China)；ZHANG Yafei(Earthquake Eng. Research & Test Center, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou 510405, China;Key Lab. of Earthquake Eng. and Applied Technique of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510405, China)；ZHOU Fulin(Earthquake Eng. Research & Test Center, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou 510405, China;Key Lab. of Earthquake Eng. and Applied Technique of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510405, China;School of Civil Eng., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China)
收稿日期：2018-03-01 年卷（期）页码：2018,50(3):134-141
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：隔震;隔震支座;力学性能;简化计算;加权残值法
Key words：seismic isolation;isolator;mechanical property;simplified method;weighted residual method
基金项目：广州市高校“羊城学者”首席科学家资助项目（1201541630）
中文摘要
提出一种适用于经济欠发达地区的高性能低造价隔震支座，该支座采用工程塑料板代替传统橡胶隔震支座中的钢板制成，传统隔震支座的理论公式不再适用，必须通过柔性加劲层隔震支座理论求解，其解析表达式运算复杂，不便于工程应用。作者提出一种简化计算方法用于计算该型隔震支座在压缩和纯弯曲状态下的强度、刚度与应力值。引入加权残值法，求解基于柔性加劲层隔震支座理论的橡胶层应力的平衡方程。根据精度要求，通过试算选取合适的试函数，求解高性能低造价隔震支座在压缩和纯弯曲状态下橡胶层应力的简化解，进一步推导出隔震支座的应力分布、压缩刚度、弯曲刚度以及极限压缩应力的简化公式。引入隔震支座特征参数，通过参数分析发现简化公式的误差随着隔震支座长宽比和特征参数的增加而增加，进而给出简化公式的适用范围。最后选取不同长宽比和特征参数的四组典型的高性能低造价隔震支座试件进行系统的力学性能试验。结果表明对于常用的方形和条形隔震支座，简化公式求解竖向刚度的误差总体上与解析公式相近，验证了简化公式的准确性与简化计算方法的合理性。该方法可推广至采用任意几何形状和其他加劲材料的隔震支座力学性能的简化计算，有利于高性能低造价隔震技术在经济欠发达地区的推广应用。
英文摘要
An innovative high-performance low-cost isolator was presented for seismic isolation in economic underdeveloped regions. When this proposed isolator is applied to replace steel sheets with engineering plastic plates within a traditional isolator, the methods of flexible-reinforcement isolators must be used to calculate its mechanical properties. The analytical solutions for this type of isolators are complicated and not easy for engineering application, therefore a simplified method was put forward for computing the simplified solutions for analytical strength, stiffness and stress of the isolator under compression and bending, in which the weighted residual method was employed based on optimal selection of trial functions and the undetermined coefficients of the trial functions were determined by accuracy requirement. Therefore, the simplified formulas of stress distribution, compression stiffness, bending stiffness and strength were formulated and obtained herein. And a characteristic parameter was introduced to analyze the variation of these formulas. Parameter analysis showed that the error of the proposed formulas increases with the increase of the aspect ratio and the characteristic parameter. Subsequently, the valid application scope of these simplified formulas is given. Finally, systematic experimental tests of four different groups of the presented isolators were carried out. Test results showed that, for typical high-performance low-cost isolators, the deviation of the proposed formulas is close to that of the analytical formulas, which verifies the effectiveness of the simplified formulas and the rationality of the proposed method. The proposed method can be extended to isolators in any other shape and of different reinforcing materials, which is propitious for the popularization and application of high-performance low-cost isolation technology in less developed areas.
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