To investigate the dynamics of memory chaotic systems, a simple three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system containing a generalized memory element was proposed. The memory effects and chaotic characteristics of the memory chaotic system were analyzed, and circuit design and corresponding experimental verifications were performed. Based on the analysis of the equilibrium point and stability, the dynamical behaviors of the memory chaotic system with the variations of the parameter were discussed. The results indicated that, different from memristor based chaotic circuits, the new proposed system has unique equilibrium point, its dynamical behaviors only depend on the system control parameter and have complex nonlinear phenomena, such as bifurcation, chaos, and intermittency chaos.