Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematological neoplasm. Majority of AML adults achieve complete remission (CR) although current treatment, but a significant proportion of them relapsed within 3-5 years. The presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) has been associated with an increased risk of relapse and shortened survival. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct post-treatment MRD monitoring of AML patients through effective methods. Multi-parameter flow cytometry (MFC) is a MRD detection method based on leukemia-associated immunophenotypes (LAIP), which has many advantages such as high sensitivity and high cost performance, real-time and fast. It is applicable to almost all AML patients and widely used in clinical practice. This paper introduces the principles, analysis strategies, advantages, clinical significance, challenges and promotion methods of application of MFC-MRD detection in patients with AML.
