Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous myeloid clonal diseases originating from hematopoietic stem cells. Therapy decisions for MDS patients mainly based on the prognostic rating, age, general physical health, comorbidities and patients′ intention. The best supportive therapy is the basic treatments of all MDS patients, sometimes even the only choice of several MDS patients. Recently, some new drugs such as deferasirox, darbepoetin, inhibitors of transforming growth factors (TGF)-β superfamily, eltrombopag and romiplostim provide better choices for MDS supportive therapy. This article reviews new research progress of the best supportive therapy for MDS in terms of iron elimination therapy, erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA), TGF-β superfamily inhibitors, and thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists.
